NeuronDB: PostgreSQL AI Extension
Model Context Protocol server with 100+ tools (27 PostgreSQL + 70+ NeuronDB) enabling MCP-compatible clients (like Claude Desktop) to access NeuronDB. Vector operations, ML training, RAG pipeline, reranking, dataset loading, and PostgreSQL administration through JSON-RPC 2.0.
NeuronDB A PostgreSQL AI-Extension Demo
Architecture
MCP server architecture with protocol handling, tools, resources, and middleware
NeuronMCP Architecture
MCP Client
Claude Desktop | Custom Clients | stdio Communication
Protocol Handler
- • JSON-RPC 2.0
- • stdio Transport
- • Request Routing
- • Error Handling
Tools
- • Vector Operations
- • ML Operations
- • Analytics
- • RAG Operations
Resources
- • Schema Info
- • Model Catalog
- • Index Config
- • Stats & Config
Middleware
NeuronDB PostgreSQL
Vector Search | ML Algorithms | Embeddings | SQL Functions
Why NeuronDB
MCP Protocol Implementation
Full JSON-RPC 2.0 implementation with stdio, HTTP, and SSE transport. Supports tools, resources, prompts protocol, sampling/completions, and progress tracking. Batch operations with transactional tool calls. Protocol version negotiation and capability discovery. Compatible with all MCP-compatible clients including Claude Desktop.
Comprehensive Tool Suite
100+ tools including 27 PostgreSQL administration tools and 70+ NeuronDB tools covering vector operations, ML training, analytics, RAG, reranking, and complete database management. Vector search with 7+ distance metrics. Quantization tools (int8, fp16, binary, uint8, ternary, int4). Dataset loading from HuggingFace, URLs, GitHub, S3, and local files with auto-embedding. Vector graph operations and vecmap (sparse vector) support. Complete PostgreSQL administration from version info to advanced performance tuning.
Vector Operations Tools
Complete set of tools for vector search (L2, Cosine, Inner Product, Manhattan, Hamming, Jaccard), similarity computation, embedding generation (text, image, multimodal), and index creation (HNSW, IVF). Batch embedding generation with caching. Hybrid search with reciprocal rank fusion. Multi-vector, faceted, temporal, and diverse search capabilities.
ML Operations Tools
Complete ML pipeline: training, prediction, evaluation, and AutoML for all 52 ML algorithms in NeuronDB. Model catalog management with versioning. Hyperparameter tuning support. ONNX model import, export, and inference. Model A/B testing and deployment workflows.
Reranking & RAG Operations
Multiple reranking strategies: cross-encoder, LLM-powered, Cohere, ColBERT, learning-to-rank (LTR), and ensemble reranking. Complete RAG pipeline with document processing, chunking, context retrieval, and response generation. LLM integration for answer generation with prompt templates.
Analytics & Time Series
Data analysis, clustering (K-Means, DBSCAN, GMM), dimensionality reduction (PCA), quality metrics computation (Recall@K, Precision@K, F1@K, MRR). Outlier detection (Z-score, Modified Z-score, IQR). Drift detection and topic discovery. Time series analysis with ARIMA, forecasting, and seasonal decomposition.
Resource Management
Comprehensive resources: schema information, model catalog, index configurations, worker status, system statistics, and server configuration. Real-time resource subscriptions for live updates. Resource discovery and metadata access with search and filtering capabilities.
Middleware & Enterprise Features
Pluggable middleware: validation, logging, timeout, error handling, authentication (JWT, API keys, OAuth2), rate limiting. Caching layer with TTL and connection pooling. Enterprise features: Prometheus metrics, webhooks, retry/resilience (circuit breaker). Health checks for database, tools, and resources.
Dataset Loading & Processing
Load datasets from HuggingFace, URLs (CSV, JSON, Parquet), GitHub repositories, S3 buckets, and local files. Automatic schema detection and optimized PostgreSQL table creation. Auto-embedding generation for text columns. Batch loading with progress tracking. Support for multiple formats with efficient bulk loading.
PostgreSQL Tools
Complete PostgreSQL administration tools: version info, database statistics, connection monitoring, lock inspection, replication status, configuration settings, and extension management. Query performance analysis and system resource monitoring.
Capabilities
MCP server features
| Capability | Description | Performance | Production Ready |
|---|---|---|---|
| MCP Protocol | JSON-RPC 2.0 over stdio | Low-latency communication | ✓ |
| Vector Tools | Search, embeddings, indexing | Sub-second operations | ✓ |
| ML Tools | Training, prediction, evaluation | GPU-accelerated | ✓ |
| Analytics Tools | Clustering, analysis, metrics | Efficient algorithms | ✓ |
| RAG Tools | Document processing, retrieval | End-to-end optimization | ✓ |
| Reranking Tools | Cross-encoder, LLM, Cohere, ColBERT | Neural reranking | ✓ |
| Dataset Loading | HuggingFace, URLs, GitHub, S3, local | Auto-embedding | ✓ |
| Resources | Schema, models, indexes, stats | Real-time subscriptions | ✓ |
| Middleware & Enterprise | Validation, auth, metrics, webhooks | Production-ready | ✓ |
| PostgreSQL Tools | Admin, stats, monitoring | Complete management | ✓ |
Connect Claude Desktop to NeuronDB
Deploy NeuronMCP. Enable MCP-compatible clients to access NeuronDB vector search, ML algorithms, and RAG capabilities.